Stenogram Sejmu · 2026-07-16

Barbara Okuła

Kadencja 10 · posiedzenie 62 · wypowiedź 277

Brak głosu imiennego z tego dnia, który potwierdzałby klub mówcy.

Pełna wypowiedź

10. kadencja, 62. posiedzenie, 2. dzień (16-07-2026) 16. punkt porządku dziennego: Pierwsze czytanie rządowego projektu ustawy o zmianie ustawy - Kodeks spółek handlowych oraz ustawy o zmianie ustawy - Kodeks spółek handlowych oraz niektórych innych ustaw (druk nr 2737). Poseł Barbara Okuła (tekst niewygłoszony): Stanowisko Panie Marszałku! Wysoka Izbo! Wreszcie. Tak najkrócej można podsumować projekt, o którym dziś mówimy. Wreszcie ktoś zauważył, że w 2026 r. nie trzeba drukować, podpisywać i wysyłać listem poleconym zgody na to, żeby dostawać e-maile. O co chodzi w tej ustawie? Dziś wspólnik spółki z o.o., który chce dostawać zawiadomienia o zebraniach drogą elektroniczną, musi najpierw wysłać spółce osobny papier z własnoręcznym podpisem. To samo dotyczy pełnomocnictwa - jeśli wspólnik nie może osobiście przyjść na zgromadzenie i chce, żeby ktoś go zastąpił, to pełnomocnictwo też musi być na piśmie, pod rygorem nieważności. W praktyce oznacza to skanowanie, drukowanie, kurierów, a czasem po prostu - rezygnację z udziału w głosowaniu, bo termin goni, a papier nie dotarł na czas. Proszę sobie wyobrazić polskiego przedsiębiorcę, który ma wspólnika w Niemczech albo w Wielkiej Brytanii. Zbliża się zgromadzenie wspólników. Wspólnik nie może przylecieć osobiście, więc chce upoważnić kogoś w Polsce. Co musi zrobić? Wydrukować pełnomocnictwo, podpisać je własnoręcznie, znaleźć kuriera, zapłacić za międzynarodową przesyłkę i modlić się, żeby dotarła przed terminem. A jeśli spółka zmieni datę zgromadzenia w ostatniej chwili? Cała procedura zaczyna się od nowa. To nie jest ochrona porządku prawnego - to zwykła przeszkoda, która nie chroni nikogo, a kosztuje trochę czasu i pieniędzy. Ten projekt to upraszcza. Zamiast formy pisemnej wystarczy forma dokumentowa, czyli zwykły e-mail, skan, plik PDF. Nadal wiadomo, kto to wysłał, nadal można to zweryfikować, ale znika absurd polegający na tym, że w firmie, która działa w pełni cyfrowo, jeden dokument musi mieć fizyczny podpis, podczas gdy cała reszta dokumentacji korporacyjnej od dawna jest elektroniczna. Komu to pomoże najbardziej? Po pierwsze, wspólnikom zagranicznym, którzy dziś muszą czekać na przesyłkę kurierską z drugiego końca świata, żeby wziąć udział w polskim zgromadzeniu wspólników. Po drugie, małym i średnim firmom, których w Polsce jest ponad 630 tys. i które nie mają działów prawnych do pilnowania formalności. Po trzecie, zwykłej logice biznesowej, bo trudno wytłumaczyć przedsiębiorcy, dlaczego umowę o wartości 1 mln zł może podpisać elektronicznie z kontrahentem z drugiej strony świata, a zgody na otrzymywanie e-maili od własnej spółki już nie może. Co ważne, to nie jest przepis, który komukolwiek coś narzuca. Spółka, która chce zachować bardziej rygorystyczne zasady, np. formę pisemną albo nawet notarialną, może to po prostu zapisać w swojej umowie. Ustawa daje wybór, nie nakłada obowiązku. Kto chce zostać przy starych zasadach - zostaje. Kto chce iść do przodu - może. Oczywiście, przy okazji konsultacji padały pytania o bezpieczeństwo, o to, czy łatwiej będzie kogoś oszukać, podszyć się pod wspólnika, sfałszować pełnomocnictwo. To uczciwe pytanie i trzeba je zadawać przy każdej zmianie prawa dotyczącej dokumentów. Ale odpowiedź jest prosta: dziś też można podrobić podpis, a forma pisemna nigdy nie była gwarancją 100-procentowego bezpieczeństwa. Prawdziwym zabezpieczeniem nie jest rodzaj papieru, tylko zdrowy rozsądek spółki i jej procedury weryfikacji. Tego rozsądku ten projekt wcale nie wyłącza, wręcz przeciwnie, zostawia spółkom pełną swobodę, by mogła dostosować poziom ostrożności do swoich potrzeb. Warto też dodać, że ta zmiana nie kosztuje budżetu państwa ani złotówki. Nie tworzy nowych urzędów, nie generuje nowych obowiązków sprawozdawczych. To rzadki przykład ustawy, która wyłącznie odejmuje: zbędny formalizm, zbędny czas, zbędne koszty. Panie Marszałku! Wysoka Izbo! Nie każda ustawa musi być rewolucją. Czasem najlepsza zmiana to taka, która po prostu usuwa z prawa coś, co dawno straciło sens. Ten projekt właśnie taki jest: prosty, potrzebny i spóźniony o dobrych kilka lat. Dlatego proszę o jego poparcie. Dziękuję. Przebieg posiedzenia

Otwórz zachowany oryginał · Źródło urzędowe

Dowód treści wypowiedzi

Dowód kolejności na liście dnia

Kontekst w stenogramie

1. (3.04ms; exec 3 + fetch 0.04; rows 1) SELECT s.object_id AS statement_id, s.statement_number, s.speaker_name, s.source_member_id, mp.object_id AS member_id, d…

2. (1.7ms; exec 1.68 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extracti…

3. (1.1ms; exec 1.08 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3952 ORDER BY ordinal

4. (1.41ms; exec 1.39 + fetch 0.03; rows 4) SELECT statement.object_id, statement.statement_number, statement.speaker_name, dayStatement.ordinal FROM sejm_transcrip…

5. (1.65ms; exec 1.64 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.obje…

6. (1.22ms; exec 1.21 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extracti…

7. (1.15ms; exec 1.13 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3950 ORDER BY ordinal

8. (1.27ms; exec 1.25 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.obje…

9. (1.25ms; exec 1.22 + fetch 0.03; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extracti…

10. (0.66ms; exec 0.65 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3951 ORDER BY ordinal

11. (0.97ms; exec 0.95 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.obje…

12. (1.12ms; exec 1.09 + fetch 0.03; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extracti…

13. (0.95ms; exec 0.93 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3953 ORDER BY ordinal

14. (1.05ms; exec 1.04 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.obje…

15. (0.86ms; exec 0.85 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extracti…

16. (0.74ms; exec 0.73 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3954 ORDER BY ordinal

17. (3.81ms; exec 3.78 + fetch 0.03; rows 0) SELECT individual.raw_club, individual.evidence_id, f.requested_url FROM sejm_individual_votes individual JOIN sejm_vote…

1. (3.04ms; exec 3 + fetch 0.04; rows 1) SELECT s.object_id AS statement_id, s.statement_number, s.speaker_name, s.source_member_id, mp.object_id AS member_id, day.object_id AS day_id, day.term, day.proceeding_number, day.source_date, day.current_revision_id AS day_revision_id, dayStatement.ordinal, dayEvidence.id AS list_evidence_id, dayEvidence.selector_type AS list_selector_type, dayEvidence.selector AS list_selector, dayFetch.id AS list_fetch_id, dayFetch.requested_url AS list_source_url, dayArtifact.sha256 AS list_sha256, binding.artifact_id, binding.evidence_id AS transcript_evidence_id, transcriptEvidence.selector_type AS transcript_selector_type, transcriptEvidence.selector AS transcript_selector, transcriptFetch.id AS transcript_fetch_id, transcriptFetch.requested_url AS transcript_source_url, artifact.sha256 AS transcript_sha256, artifact.detected_mime, artifact.byte_size FROM sejm_statements s JOIN sejm_transcript_days day ON day.object_id = s.transcript_day_id LEFT JOIN sejm_mp_identities mp ON mp.term = day.term AND mp.mp_number = s.source_member_id LEFT JOIN sejm_transcript_day_statements dayStatement ON dayStatement.day_id = day.object_id AND dayStatement.day_revision_id = day.current_revision_id AND dayStatement.statement_id = s.object_id LEFT JOIN evidence dayEvidence ON dayEvidence.id = dayStatement.evidence_id LEFT JOIN fetches dayFetch ON dayFetch.id = dayEvidence.fetch_id LEFT JOIN artifacts dayArtifact ON dayArtifact.id = dayEvidence.artifact_id LEFT JOIN documents document ON document.owner_object_id = day.object_id AND document.document_kind = 'statement_transcript' AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT('sejm:statement:', s.statement_number) LEFT JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) LEFT JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = 'html' AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL LEFT JOIN evidence transcriptEvidence ON transcriptEvidence.id = binding.evidence_id LEFT JOIN fetches transcriptFetch ON transcriptFetch.id = transcriptEvidence.fetch_id LEFT JOIN artifacts artifact ON artifact.id = binding.artifact_id WHERE s.object_id = 13798 LIMIT 1

2. (1.7ms; exec 1.68 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = 13613 AND run.state = 'completed' ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN 'success' THEN 0 WHEN 'unreadable' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT 1

3. (1.1ms; exec 1.08 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3952 ORDER BY ordinal

4. (1.41ms; exec 1.39 + fetch 0.03; rows 4) SELECT statement.object_id, statement.statement_number, statement.speaker_name, dayStatement.ordinal FROM sejm_transcript_day_statements dayStatement JOIN sejm_statements statement ON statement.object_id = dayStatement.statement_id WHERE dayStatement.day_id = 13520 AND dayStatement.day_revision_id = 13100 AND dayStatement.ordinal BETWEEN 275 AND 279 AND statement.object_id <> 13798 ORDER BY dayStatement.ordinal

5. (1.65ms; exec 1.64 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = 'html' AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL WHERE document.owner_object_id = 13520 AND document.document_kind = 'statement_transcript' AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT('sejm:statement:', 275) LIMIT 1

6. (1.22ms; exec 1.21 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = 13611 AND run.state = 'completed' ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN 'success' THEN 0 WHEN 'unreadable' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT 1

7. (1.15ms; exec 1.13 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3950 ORDER BY ordinal

8. (1.27ms; exec 1.25 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = 'html' AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL WHERE document.owner_object_id = 13520 AND document.document_kind = 'statement_transcript' AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT('sejm:statement:', 276) LIMIT 1

9. (1.25ms; exec 1.22 + fetch 0.03; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = 13612 AND run.state = 'completed' ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN 'success' THEN 0 WHEN 'unreadable' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT 1

10. (0.66ms; exec 0.65 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3951 ORDER BY ordinal

11. (0.97ms; exec 0.95 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = 'html' AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL WHERE document.owner_object_id = 13520 AND document.document_kind = 'statement_transcript' AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT('sejm:statement:', 278) LIMIT 1

12. (1.12ms; exec 1.09 + fetch 0.03; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = 13614 AND run.state = 'completed' ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN 'success' THEN 0 WHEN 'unreadable' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT 1

13. (0.95ms; exec 0.93 + fetch 0.02; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3953 ORDER BY ordinal

14. (1.05ms; exec 1.04 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = 'html' AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL WHERE document.owner_object_id = 13520 AND document.document_kind = 'statement_transcript' AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT('sejm:statement:', 279) LIMIT 1

15. (0.86ms; exec 0.85 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = 13620 AND run.state = 'completed' ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN 'success' THEN 0 WHEN 'unreadable' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT 1

16. (0.74ms; exec 0.73 + fetch 0.01; rows 1) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = 3954 ORDER BY ordinal

17. (3.81ms; exec 3.78 + fetch 0.03; rows 0) SELECT individual.raw_club, individual.evidence_id, f.requested_url FROM sejm_individual_votes individual JOIN sejm_votes vote ON vote.object_id = individual.vote_id AND vote.current_revision_id = individual.vote_revision_id JOIN object_revisions revision ON revision.id = vote.current_revision_id JOIN evidence e ON e.id = individual.evidence_id JOIN fetches f ON f.id = e.fetch_id WHERE vote.term = 10 AND vote.sitting_number = 62 AND individual.mp_number = 271 AND LEFT(JSON_VALUE(revision.snapshot, '$.date'), 10) = '2026-07-16' AND individual.raw_club IS NOT NULL AND individual.raw_club <> '' ORDER BY vote.voting_number DESC

3.81ms SELECT individual.raw_club, individual.evidence_id, f.requested_url FROM sejm_individual_votes indiv…

3.04ms SELECT s.object_id AS statement_id, s.statement_number, s.speaker_name, s.source_member_id, mp.objec…

1.7ms SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run …

3.81ms SELECT individual.raw_club, individual.evidence_id, f.requested_url FROM sejm_individual_votes individual JOIN sejm_votes vote ON vote.object_id = individual.vote_id AND vote.current_revision_id = individual.vote_revision_id JOIN object_revisions revision ON revision.id = vote.current_revision_id JOIN evidence e ON e.id = individual.evidence_id JOIN fetches f ON f.id = e.fetch_id WHERE vote.term = 10 AND vote.sitting_number = 62 AND individual.mp_number = 271 AND LEFT(JSON_VALUE(revision.snapshot, '$.date'), 10) = '2026-07-16' AND individual.raw_club IS NOT NULL AND individual.raw_club <> '' ORDER BY vote.voting_number DESC

3.04ms SELECT s.object_id AS statement_id, s.statement_number, s.speaker_name, s.source_member_id, mp.object_id AS member_id, day.object_id AS day_id, day.term, day.proceeding_number, day.source_date, day.current_revision_id AS day_revision_id, dayStatement.ordinal, dayEvidence.id AS list_evidence_id, dayEvidence.selector_type AS list_selector_type, dayEvidence.selector AS list_selector, dayFetch.id AS list_fetch_id, dayFetch.requested_url AS list_source_url, dayArtifact.sha256 AS list_sha256, binding.artifact_id, binding.evidence_id AS transcript_evidence_id, transcriptEvidence.selector_type AS transcript_selector_type, transcriptEvidence.selector AS transcript_selector, transcriptFetch.id AS transcript_fetch_id, transcriptFetch.requested_url AS transcript_source_url, artifact.sha256 AS transcript_sha256, artifact.detected_mime, artifact.byte_size FROM sejm_statements s JOIN sejm_transcript_days day ON day.object_id = s.transcript_day_id LEFT JOIN sejm_mp_identities mp ON mp.term = day.term AND mp.mp_number = s.source_member_id LEFT JOIN sejm_transcript_day_statements dayStatement ON dayStatement.day_id = day.object_id AND dayStatement.day_revision_id = day.current_revision_id AND dayStatement.statement_id = s.object_id LEFT JOIN evidence dayEvidence ON dayEvidence.id = dayStatement.evidence_id LEFT JOIN fetches dayFetch ON dayFetch.id = dayEvidence.fetch_id LEFT JOIN artifacts dayArtifact ON dayArtifact.id = dayEvidence.artifact_id LEFT JOIN documents document ON document.owner_object_id = day.object_id AND document.document_kind = 'statement_transcript' AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT('sejm:statement:', s.statement_number) LEFT JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) LEFT JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = 'html' AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL LEFT JOIN evidence transcriptEvidence ON transcriptEvidence.id = binding.evidence_id LEFT JOIN fetches transcriptFetch ON transcriptFetch.id = transcriptEvidence.fetch_id LEFT JOIN artifacts artifact ON artifact.id = binding.artifact_id WHERE s.object_id = 13798 LIMIT 1

1.7ms SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = 13613 AND run.state = 'completed' ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN 'success' THEN 0 WHEN 'unreadable' THEN 1 ELSE 2 END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT 1

5× (6.15ms) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing…

5× (4.6ms) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = ? ORDER BY ordinal

4× (4.94ms) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON versi…

5× (6.15ms) SELECT extraction.id, extraction.quality_state FROM extractions extraction JOIN processing_runs run ON run.id = extraction.run_id WHERE extraction.source_artifact_id = ? AND run.state = ? ORDER BY CASE extraction.quality_state WHEN ? THEN ? WHEN ? THEN ? ELSE ? END, run.finished_at DESC, extraction.id DESC LIMIT ?

5× (4.6ms) SELECT source_text FROM text_segments WHERE extraction_id = ? ORDER BY ordinal

4× (4.94ms) SELECT binding.artifact_id FROM documents document JOIN document_versions version ON version.document_id = document.object_id AND version.sequence_no = (SELECT MAX(latest.sequence_no) FROM document_versions latest WHERE latest.document_id = document.object_id) JOIN document_version_artifacts binding ON binding.version_id = version.object_id AND binding.role = ? AND binding.current_selector_sha IS NOT NULL WHERE document.owner_object_id = ? AND document.document_kind = ? AND document.source_document_key = CONCAT(?, ?) LIMIT ?

(0.27ms) /app/templates/speeches/show.php

/app/public/index.php

/app/vendor/autoload.php

/app/vendor/composer/autoload_real.php

/app/vendor/composer/platform_check.php

/app/vendor/composer/ClassLoader.php

/app/vendor/composer/autoload_static.php

/app/vendor/symfony/deprecation-contracts/function.php

/app/vendor/symfony/polyfill-php83/bootstrap.php

/app/lib/PFrame.php

/app/config/credentials/local.php

/app/src/Http/PublicResponseCache.php

/app/src/Http/AuthRoutes.php

/app/src/Http/ReviewDecisionRoutes.php

/app/src/Http/TopicDecisionRoutes.php

/app/src/Http/WatchRoutes.php

/app/src/Http/SpeechController.php

/app/src/Overview/SpeechReadModel.php

/app/src/Text/TextSearch.php

/app/templates/layout.php